{"id":41310,"date":"2017-03-17T07:32:56","date_gmt":"2017-03-17T06:32:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/?p=41310"},"modified":"2017-03-16T17:28:53","modified_gmt":"2017-03-16T16:28:53","slug":"how-to-brew-high-value-fatty-acids-with-brewers-yeast","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/how-to-brew-high-value-fatty-acids-with-brewers-yeast\/","title":{"rendered":"How to brew high-value fatty acids with brewer\u2019s yeast"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"65728223\"
A modified fatty acid synthase (illustrated schematically in the blue box on the basis of its synthetic properties) can induce short-chain fatty acid production in a yeast cell. Synthesis can be compared with a multistep industrial process. By means of targeted modifications to the natural synthesis, individual processes are accelerated or slowed down (green and red arrows) in order to trigger premature release of short-chain fatty acids. – Zoom –<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Short-chain fatty acids are high-value constituents of cosmetics, active pharmaceutical ingredients, antimicrobial substances, aromas or soap. To date, it has only been possible to extract them from crude oil by chemical means or from certain plants, such as coconut, using a complex process. Research groups led by Professor Martin Grininger and Professor Eckhard Boles at Goethe University Frankfurt have now succeeded in producing such fatty acids in large quantities from sugar or waste containing sugar with the help of yeasts. The process is simple and similar to that of beer brewing.<\/strong><\/p>\n

As the researchers reported in the latest issues of the renowned journals \u201cNature Chemical Biology\u201d and \u201cNature Communications\u201d, the short-chain fatty acids are also much sought after as a pre-product for fuels. \u201cThe new technology can be a key step to finding an alternative approach, using yeasts, to innovative types of biofuels whose properties almost equate to those of fossil fuels\u201d, explains Eckhard Boles from the Institute of Molecular Biosciences.<\/p>\n

The fatty acids produced by plants and animals are to a large extent made up of chains of eighteen carbon atoms. That means they are longer than the short-chain compounds required. In living cells, large protein complexes – fatty acid synthases – produce fatty acids by joining nine building blocks of two carbon atoms in an eight-cycle process. Martin Grininger, Lichtenberg Professor of the Volkswagen Foundation at Goethe University Frankfurt and research group leader at the Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), was involved in solving the three-dimensional structure of the fatty acid synthases. His extensive know-how in this field allowed him to intervene in their mode of action.<\/p>\n

\u201cFirst we examined how the fatty acid synthase counts cycles in order to decide when the chain is finished. We found a type of ruler which measures the length of the fatty acid\u201d, explains Martin Grininger. \u201cWe modified this ruler in such a way that the fatty acid synthase measures incorrectly and releases shorter chains. All this took place first of all on the computer and in the test tube.\u201d<\/p>\n

Together with Eckhard Boles, who is conducting research on yeast metabolism at the neighbouring biocentre, the idea evolved to use Grininger\u2019s modified fatty acid synthases in yeasts. \u201cThese yeasts all at once started to secrete short-chain fatty acids in remarkable quantities\u201d, reports Boles. \u201cLike in beer brewing, we can use these now to produce – instead of alcohol – high-quality short-chain fatty acids.\u201d Grininger and Boles add: \u201cThis development is just the start. We want now, through similar modifications on other large enzyme complexes, that is, polyketide synthases, to synthesize other new types of molecule for the chemical and pharmaceutical industry which are not readily available otherwise.\u201d<\/p>\n

Goethe University Frankfurt has protected these developments by filing two European and international patents and is now looking for licensees for commercial applications.<\/p>\n

Grininger and Boles are currently developing their technology further and in different directions. The aim of the \u201cChassy\u201d project funded by the European Commission is to scale up the technology for industrial use. In addition, the LOEWE project \u201cMegaSyn\u201d financed by the Federal State of Hesse focuses on the production of further chemical compounds through the modification of polyketide synthases. And in the \u201cAlk2Bio\u201d project funded by the Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture yeasts are being enhanced in such a way that they produce octanol and heptane biofuels from short-chain fatty acids.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Publications<\/em><\/h3>\n

Gajewski, J., Buelens, F., Serdjukow, S., Jan\u00dfen,M., Cortina, N., Grubm\u00fcller, H. and Grininger, M. (2017) Engineering fatty acid synthases for directed polyketide production. Nat. Chem. Biol. doi:10.1038\/nchembio.2314.<\/em><\/p>\n

Gajewski, J., Pavlovic, R., Fischer, M., Boles, E. and Grininger, M. (2017) Engineering fungal de novo fatty acid synthesis for short chain fatty acid production. Nat. Commun. doi:10.1038\/NCOMMS14650. http:\/\/rdcu.be\/pX6c<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Contacts<\/h3>\n

Professor Martin Grininger
\nLichtenberg Professor of the Volkswagen Foundation
\nInstitute for Organic and Chemical Biology and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Riedberg Campus
\nTel.: +49(0)69-798-42705
\nE-Mail: grininger@chemie.uni-frankfurt.de<\/a><\/p>\n

Professor Eckhard Boles
\nInstitute of Molecular Biosciences, Riedberg Campus
\nTel.: +49(0)69-798-29513
\nE-Mail: e.boles@bio.uni-frankfurt.de<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Short-chain fatty acids are high-value constituents of cosmetics, active pharmaceutical ingredients, antimicrobial substances, aromas or soap. To date, it has only been possible to extract them from crude oil by chemical means or from certain plants, such as coconut, using a complex process. Research groups led by Professor Martin Grininger and Professor Eckhard Boles at […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":59,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","nova_meta_subtitle":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5572],"tags":[5714],"supplier":[1064],"class_list":["post-41310","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bio-based","tag-biofuels","supplier-goethe-universitaet-frankfurtmain"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41310","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/59"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=41310"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41310\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=41310"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=41310"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=41310"},{"taxonomy":"supplier","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/supplier?post=41310"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}