{"id":177606,"date":"2026-06-11T07:29:00","date_gmt":"2026-06-11T05:29:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/?p=177606"},"modified":"2026-06-03T18:08:12","modified_gmt":"2026-06-03T16:08:12","slug":"innovation-paves-way-to-make-clean-chemicals-plastics-and-food-using-solar-energy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/innovation-paves-way-to-make-clean-chemicals-plastics-and-food-using-solar-energy\/","title":{"rendered":"Innovation paves way to make \u2018clean\u2019 chemicals, plastics and food using solar energy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n
\"Integrated
Image shows how solar power can be used to grow E Coli \u00a9 Queen Mary University of London<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A new study led by Dr Lin Su of Queen Mary University of London, published today in the\u00a0Journal of the American Chemical Society<\/em><\/a>, describes a new integrated solar reactor in which engineered\u00a0Escherichia coli<\/em>\u00a0(E. coli<\/em>) are grown directly inside the same liquid that converts CO\u2082 into a usable energy source using sunlight.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In future, this technology may be used to make environmentally clean chemicals, plastics or even microbial protein.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The device combines an organic solar cell, a semiconductor electrode, two enzymes, and an engineered bacterium, and converts CO\u2082 and water into living biomass, reproducing the stages of natural photosynthesis without any plant, alga or photosynthetic microbes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Solar powered chemistry and engineered bacteria<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Today’s chemical industry runs on fossil fuels. Two clean alternatives are growing in parallel: solar-powered chemistry, where sunlight turns CO\u2082 into useful small molecules, and engineered bacteria, which can be programmed to make a wide range of chemicals. Several earlier biohybrid devices have already placed an abiotic light absorber and a microbe inside the same reactor, using different combinations of catalysts, intermediates and host organisms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This paper asks:  can the same one-pot integration be achieved using a set of components that are tractable to engineering on both sides, specifically an organic light absorber, a purified enzyme as the CO\u2082-reduction catalyst, the soluble single-carbon energy carrier formate, and an engineered E. coli <\/em>chassis? This combination matters because each of these components can be independently tuned or swapped (the solar cell redesigned, the enzyme re-engineered, the strain rewired for a target product), giving a platform that is designed to be modified rather than fixed to one chemistry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For a clean chemical industry to replace the fossil-fuel one, the chemistry that captures CO\u2082 and the biology that turns it into useful products will eventually need to share the same device. Two-step processes with manual transfer between reactors are too expensive and inefficient to scale. This work is an early demonstration that the chemistry and the biology can be made compatible inside one beaker, which is the foundation for any future integrated solar refinery for chemicals, materials, and microbial protein. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Inside the reactor, sunlight powers two reactions, and a third reaction follows in the same liquid.  Sunlight splits water on one electrode, releasing oxygen for the bacteria to breathe. It powers an enzyme on a second electrode that captures CO\u2082 from the liquid and turns it into formate, a small molecule that carries the captured solar energy in a form the bacteria can use as fuel. The bacteria then take up the formate, burn it for energy using the oxygen the device just made, and use that energy to build themselves out of more CO\u2082 dissolved in the same liquid. Sunlight goes in. Living bacteria come out.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The value of the work is showing that the full chain, from photons to E. coli<\/em> biomass in one liquid, is possible at all. This opens the way to swapping in engineered strains that produce target chemicals beyond biomass.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

Dr Lin Su, a lecturer at Queen Mary University of London, said:<\/strong> “Previously the problem with trying to make living biomass like bacteria in a solar powered chemical reactor, is that the chemistry typically releases toxic metal ions that poison the bacteria. We have shown that a solar-powered chemical reactor and engineered bacteria can share a single beaker, using sunlight, water and CO\u2082 to grow living biomass safely.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cOnce that integration works, a synthetic biologist can plug a different engineered E. coli<\/em> strain into the same hardware to produce a different molecule.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWhile it is at an early stage, with the yields still small and the reactor running for hours rather than weeks, it is very promising.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dr Celine Wing See Yeung, from the University of Cambridge, said:<\/strong> \u201cThe project came together like a jigsaw puzzle shaped by years of research\u2014from enabling organic photovoltaics to function at high temperatures to advancing enzyme purification and integrating it with synthetic biology. Together, we show how materials chemistry and synthetic biology can join forces to develop solar powered chemical refineries of the future.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Professor Ron Milo, from the Weizmann Institute of Science, said:<\/strong> \u201cThe successful integration of these two systems is going to be key to sustainable production technologies. Advancements in growing bacteria using CO2<\/sub> open the way for supplying our food in a way that uses much less land and water and can scale to meaningfully dampen the climate and ecological challenges humanity faces”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Professor Erwin Reisner, from the University of Cambridge, said: <\/strong>\u201cOur study demonstrates that synthetic light absorbers can be integrated with non-photosynthetic microbes to power the core reaction of natural photosynthesis. This achievement was made possible through a cross-disciplinary approach by careful selection and combination of semiconductors with isolated enzymes and engineered microbes in a solar-powered device. This approach opens up exciting new opportunities to produce high-value chemicals through semi-biological systems for sustainable manufacturing by taking advantage of the frontiers in synthetic biology.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Read the full paper: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/jacs.6c03677<\/a> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A new study led by Dr Lin Su of Queen Mary University of London, published today in the\u00a0Journal of the American Chemical Society, describes a new integrated solar reactor in which engineered\u00a0Escherichia coli\u00a0(E. coli) are grown directly inside the same liquid that converts CO\u2082 into a usable energy source using sunlight. In future, this technology […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":114,"featured_media":177611,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","nova_meta_subtitle":"Integrated solar reactor uses sunlight, water, CO\u2082 and engineered bacteria to grow biomass in a single beaker","footnotes":""},"categories":[5571],"tags":[13383,5842,5796,10744,10416,10743],"supplier":[2647],"class_list":["post-177606","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-co2-based","tag-bacteria","tag-biomass","tag-biotechnology","tag-carboncapture","tag-circulareconomy","tag-useco2","supplier-queen-mary-university-of-london"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/177606","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/114"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=177606"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/177606\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":177612,"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/177606\/revisions\/177612"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/177611"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=177606"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=177606"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=177606"},{"taxonomy":"supplier","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/supplier?post=177606"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}