{"id":104396,"date":"2022-02-11T07:38:00","date_gmt":"2022-02-11T06:38:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/?p=104396"},"modified":"2022-02-08T13:45:56","modified_gmt":"2022-02-08T12:45:56","slug":"short-circuit-for-big-impact","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/short-circuit-for-big-impact\/","title":{"rendered":"Short circuit for big impact"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\"University
University of Delaware researchers have broken new ground that could bring more environmentally friendly fuel cells closer to commercialization. Graphic illustration by Jeffrey C. Chase<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

University of Delaware engineers have demonstrated a way to effectively capture 99% of carbon dioxide from air using a novel electrochemical system powered by hydrogen. It is a significant advance for carbon dioxide capture and could bring more environmentally friendly fuel cells closer to market.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The research team, led by UD Professor Yushan Yan, reported their method in Nature Energy<\/em><\/a> <\/em>on Thursday, February 3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Game-changing tech for fuel cell efficiency<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Fuel cells work by converting fuel chemical energy directly into electricity. They can be used in transportation for things like hybrid or zero-emission vehicles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yan, Henry Belin du Pont Chair of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, has been working for some time to improve hydroxide exchange membrane (HEM) fuel cells, an economical and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional acid-based fuel cells used today.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But HEM fuel cells have a shortcoming that has kept them off the road \u2014 they are extremely sensitive to carbon dioxide in the air. Essentially, the carbon dioxide makes it hard for a HEM fuel cell to breathe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This defect quickly reduces the fuel cell\u2019s performance and efficiency by up to 20%, rendering the fuel cell no better than a gasoline engine. Yan\u2019s research group has been searching for a workaround for this carbon dioxide conundrum for over 15 years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


The UD research team\u2019s spiral wound module takes in hydrogen and air through two separate inlets (shown on the left) and emits carbon dioxide and carbon dioxide-free air (shown on the right) after passing through two large-area, catalyst-coated shorted membranes. The inset image on the right shows, in part, how the molecules move within the short-circuited membrane.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"The
The UD research team\u2019s spiral wound module takes in hydrogen and air through two separate inlets (shown on the left) and emits carbon dioxide and carbon dioxide-free air (shown on the right) after passing through two large-area, catalyst-coated shorted membranes. The inset image on the right shows, in part, how the molecules move within the short-circuited membrane. \u00a9 Yan lab (University of Delaware)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

A few years back, the researchers realized this disadvantage might actually be a solution \u2014 for carbon dioxide removal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cOnce we dug into the mechanism, we realized the fuel cells were capturing just about every bit of carbon dioxide that came into them, and they were really good at separating it to the other side,\u201d said Brian Setzler<\/strong>, assistant professor for research in chemical and biomolecular engineering and paper co-author.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

While this isn\u2019t good for the fuel cell, the team knew if they could leverage this built-in \u201cself-purging\u201d process in a separate device upstream from the fuel cell stack, they could turn it into a carbon dioxide separator.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cIt turns out our approach is very effective. We can capture 99% of the carbon dioxide out of the air in one pass if we have the right design and right configuration,\u201d said Yan<\/strong>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

So, how did they do it?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

They found a way to embed the power source for the electrochemical technology inside the separation membrane. The approach involved internally short-circuiting the device.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“It’s risky, but we managed to control this short-circuited fuel cell by hydrogen. And by using this internal electrically shorted membrane, we were able to get rid of the bulky components, such as bipolar plates, current collectors or any electrical wires typically found in a fuel cell stack,\u201d said Lin Shi<\/strong>, a doctoral candidate in the Yan group and the paper\u2019s lead author.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Now, the research team had an electrochemical device that looked like a normal filtration membrane made for separating out gases, but with the capability to continuously pick up minute amounts of carbon dioxide from the air like a more complicated electrochemical system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In effect, embedding the device\u2019s wires inside the membrane created a short-cut that made it easier for the carbon dioxide particles to travel from one side to the other. It also enabled the team to construct a compact, spiral module with a large surface area in a small volume. In other words, they now have a smaller package capable of filtering greater quantities of air at a time, making it both effective and cost-effective for fuel cell applications. Meanwhile, fewer components mean less cost and, more importantly, provided a way to easily scale up for the market.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"This
This picture shows the electrochemical system developed by the Yan group. Inside the highlighted cylindrical metal housing shown is the research team\u2019s novel spiral wound module. As hydrogen is fed to the device, it powers the carbon dioxide removal process. Computer software on the laptop plots the carbon dioxide concentration in the air after passing through the module. \u00a9 Yan lab (University of Delaware)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The research team\u2019s results showed that an electrochemical cell measuring 2 inches by 2 inches could continuously remove about 99% of the carbon dioxide found in air flowing at a rate of approximately two liters per minute. An early prototype spiral device about the size of a 12-ounce soda can is capable of filtering 10 liters of air per minute and scrubbing out 98% of the carbon dioxide, the researchers said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Scaled for an automotive application, the device would be roughly the size of a gallon of milk, Setzer said, but the device could be used to remove carbon dioxide elsewhere, too. For example, the UD-patented technology could enable lighter, more efficient carbon dioxide removal devices in spacecraft or submarines, where ongoing filtration is critical.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe have some ideas for a long-term roadmap that can really help us get there,\u201d said Setzler<\/strong>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

According to Shi, since the electrochemical system is powered by hydrogen, as the hydrogen economy develops, this electrochemical device could also be used in airplanes and buildings where air recirculation is desired as an energy-saving measure. Later this month, following his dissertation defense, Shi will join Versogen, a UD spinoff company founded by Yan, to continue advancing research toward sustainable green hydrogen<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Co-authors on the paper from the Yan lab include Yun Zhao, co-first author and research associate, who performed experimental work essential for testing the device; Stephanie Matz, a doctoral student who contributed to the designing and fabrication of the spiral module, and Shimshon Gottesfeld, an adjunct professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering at UD. Gottesfeld was principal investigator on the 2019 project, funded by the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E), that led to the findings.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

University of Delaware engineers have demonstrated a way to effectively capture 99% of carbon dioxide from air using a novel electrochemical system powered by hydrogen. It is a significant advance for carbon dioxide capture and could bring more environmentally friendly fuel cells closer to market. The research team, led by UD Professor Yushan Yan, reported […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":59,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","nova_meta_subtitle":"UD researchers report hyper-efficient method for removing carbon dioxide from air","footnotes":""},"categories":[5571],"tags":[10744,10416,5627,17039,10630,10743],"supplier":[3782,613],"class_list":["post-104396","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-co2-based","tag-carboncapture","tag-circulareconomy","tag-energy","tag-fuelcells","tag-hydrogen","tag-useco2","supplier-advanced-research-projects-agency-energy-arpa-e","supplier-university-of-delaware"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104396","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/59"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=104396"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104396\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=104396"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=104396"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=104396"},{"taxonomy":"supplier","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/supplier?post=104396"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}